Conformity and Convenience in Friedrich Durrenmatts The...

Friedrich Durrenmatt’s epic tragicomedy The Visit is a haunting commentary on the nature of mankind and morality. Bringing to the surface many questions about the difference between justice and revenge, the play is constructed in a way that leaves the reader at once perplexed and conflicted. The difference between right and wrong is often overlooked and even contorted in order to conform with convenience as the citizens of the town become more desperate. The Visit is both a philosophical masterpiece and a harrowing tale of conditional morality. From the very first mention of the millionairess Claire Zachanassian, the reader is barraged with philosophical questions about the difference between right and wrong. Ill shares stories about†¦show more content†¦Ill returns to work after the Claire Zachanassian proposition and is met by several citizens of Guellen who are suddenly spending money quite frivolously. Several customers enter the store and buy the more expensive alternatives to their usual brandy and tobacco, and two women enter in brand new yellow shoes. Alll claim that they have bought these luxurious items â€Å"on account.† Upon realizing that the town is spending money they don’t have in anticipation of the Zachanassian reward for Ill’s murder, Ill becomes terrified. He begins to throw his wares at his customers and screams, â€Å"How are you going to pay? How? How (Durrenmatt 46)?† After Ill comes to this horrifying realization, he immediately demands the arrest of Claire. The Policeman, however, informs Ill that there is no grounds to arrest Claire. He tells Ill,† We would only have a case of incitement of murder if the proposal to murder you were meant seriously. (Durrenmatt 48).† The Policeman goes on to tell Ill to enjoy the good business, to be overjoyed. This new-found sense of optimism is no coincidence, though. The Policeman reveals to Ill that he also has bought new shoes and is now drinking more expensive beer, but is unable to tell Ill how he plans to pay for these items. As the scene progresses, it becomes more and more

Literacy Is The Most Important Skill We Teach - 1286 Words

According to CMS Superintendent Ann Clark regarding literacy as our North Star, it â€Å"is the most important skill we teach. Literacy is the foundation for academic success from pre-kindergarten through high school.† Literacy is key to achieving academic success and the responsibility of literacy encompasses every educator and discipline. Many media coordinators have been trained in Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and district adopted reading initiatives, such as Balanced Literacy and Reading Apprenticeship. However, most struggle with linking our programs with literacy initiatives. According to the 2015 Nation’s Report Card percentages of fourth graders and eighth graders reading on grade level continues to decline, especially among urban†¦show more content†¦A skill of a library media coordinator is that of matching students with texts which support their individual reading levels and interests. A need among media coordinators is connecting literacy to t he library by developing research instruction which is directly tied to what is occurring in classrooms and teaching it at the point of need. When students have additional opportunities to practice and use skills and strategies from the classroom, they reinforce their learning. In order for students to be confident and successful readers they need time to develop and use strategies so whenever they are reading alone they can pull from their vast supply to effectively maneuver within the text. Students need time to acquire the cognitive strategies which good readers use and transfer skills and strategies from the classroom to real-world situations. 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HR Work Life Balance

Question: Discuss about the HR Work Life Balance. Answer: Work life balance helps the employees to maintain their physical, mental and social life. It is a concept that helps the employees to understand the priorities of their work life and personal life. According to Robert, (2007), in a health care system if the work life balance is not maintained properly, then the leaders will not able to connect with the employees. Moreover, the work life balance translates into job satisfaction. In a healthcare unit, the employees get the facilities like mediclaim, emergency support and many more. These facilities give the employees a feeling of security and leaders can be assured that their employees will produce best for the organisation. If the physicians do not feel comfortable in their personal and professional life, the unmanageable situation will reflect in their poor performance (amednews.com. 2016). If the physicians lose the balance in their regular life then they cannot work properly. Leaders are responsible for implementing new ideas for balancing the employees work life therefore; the system has a direct impact on the leadership of the healthcare in future. This balance can be achieved by implementing the Total Reward Program. As opined by Tuna and Lublin, (2009), there is no such work life balance in the working sectors rather there is work life choices. Additionally, it is said that the system of taking leave from work for maternity purposes helps the women to move to success. Therefore, it is clear that if there is no work life balance, then the employees cannot attain the security of works as well as do not give the full production. References Amednews.com. (2016). Amednews.com. Retrieved 3 August 2016, from https://www.amednews.com/APPS/PBCS.DLL/PERSONALIA?ID Robert L. Heneman, (2007), Implementing Total Rewards Strategies, Society for Human Resource Management Tuna, C. A. R. I., Lublin, J. S. (2009). Welch: No such thing as work-life balance..The Wall Street Journal.

Health Information Seeking and Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Introduction Communication and information have recently been applauded for their role in assisting patients to cope with cancer in most parts of the world. Unlike other diseases, cancer diagnosis can trigger a wide range of reactions including but not limited to stress, uncertainty and fear, whose impact can be regulated by use of information.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Health Information Seeking and Breast Cancer Diagnosis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been found out that most cancer patients are usually eager to access information about their illness (Longo et al., 2009). However, this eagerness varies widely and its degree may fluctuate during different stages of cancer development. This assessment paper discusses the concept of seeking health information and breast cancer diagnosis. To achieve this task, the paper will adopt a theory critique and extension format by reviewing contemporary research on theories related to communication technologies. It further draws a comparison between face-to-face and online methods of seeking cancer information. Emotional support theory There is no doubt that being diagnosed with breast cancer has a significant impact regardless of whether it is at an early stage or advanced. However, recent research indicates that emotional support given to breast cancer women has become a successful tool in adding value and hope to the lives of individuals. Emotional support compliments breast cancer treatment, giving patients the ability to overcome depression and attain a stable mental health after cancer diagnosis (Carstensen, 1992). Importantly, every cancer patient requires emotional support since emotional trauma is regarded to be more fatal than breast cancer itself. Patients who suffer emotional imbalance usually find it hard to cope with the reality of the illness and may develop other health complications. This implies that a healing en vironment plays a significant role in helping patients to recover and maintain a stable mental status (Ecoggins, 2011). Under normal circumstances, a woman will always experience tremendous fear when she is diagnosed to have breast cancer. Many doctors affirm this feeling of fear is common even in cases where the disease is in its initial stages. As a result, the impact of the fear depends on the response of those people around, forming her environment (Carstensen, 1992).Advertising Looking for assessment on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In other cases, women diagnosed with cancer may feel like social misfits in the society, depending on how the society and people around view the illness. If viewed from a negative perspective that is discriminative, breast cancer patients feel isolated and doomed. Consequently, these patients have a tendency of experiencing high level of anxiety, depression and hopelessness in cases where caregivers are insensitive to their emotional needs. Even though medical treatment of cancer is essential, a complimentary healing approach and a supportive environment are necessary for positive recovery effects (Kim et al., 2010). Like in any other health complication, breast cancer patients require emotional fitness from the time they learn that they are suffering from the disease. When handled carelessly, breast cancer diagnosis may breed terror in the heart of a patient, a condition which may increase stress level among patients. It is therefore recommended that depression reduction techniques should be employed immediately after diagnosis to minimize cases of emotional disturbance (Carstensen, 1992). By maintaining a relaxed mind, cancer patients can experience good body conditions and processes that are usually missing when the situation is dominated by stress. To prove that emotional support is paramount, several researchers have found out that breast cancer patients who receive emotional support are likely to live longer compared to those are neglected by the society (Leydon et al., 2000). The greatest challenge is therefore with caregivers and close family members who spend a lot of time with breast cancer patients. Their reaction towards cancer diagnosis can either help the patient or worsen the situation, when they become a major source of emotional disturbance. As mentioned above, emotional support is important immediately after diagnosis to allow the patient to have a positive attitude towards life and keep stress-related complications at bay. Emotional support is also concerned with the kind of information given to patients and how the information is conveyed.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Health Information Seeking and Breast Cancer Diagnosis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Proper use of communication techniques is therefore compulsory for medical pr actitioners immediately after breast cancer diagnosis (Leydon et al., 2000). This is crucial in determining the patient’s response towards the situation and her ability to respond to medication appropriately. Diagnostic information can also affect family members in the manner in which they perceive the patient and the ability to see her as a normal member of the society. Emotional support also allows cancer patients to seek medication and health information from correct sources that are well recognized early enough before the disease advances to severe levels. During that time, such information can be helpful or detrimental depending on its authenticity and accuracy (Leydon et al., 2000). Like other patients suffering from different illnesses, breast cancer patients need information about correct dieting, medication, exercise and emotional stability. Availability of this information is therefore important in ensuring that the patient does what has been recommended by the doct or in order to manage the situation without serious complications associated with delivery of wrong information to patients. Uncertainty management William B. Gudykunst is credited for having designed the uncertainty management theory, as he struggled to define the key elements of effective communication. Although the theory is highly associated with him, it is important to mention that existing work at the moment significantly helped Gudykunst in developing his work, which has become highly recognized around the globe. For instance, Berger’s research of 1974 played a major role in laying the foundation for Gudykunst’s discoveries and advancements. Nevertheless, the theory has undergone a series of transformations in order to incorporate new ideas in an ever-changing world (Hovden, 2004). In the understanding of this theory and how it relates to seeking of breast cancer information, it is worth noting that the theory mainly focuses on experiences between cultural in-gr oups and a strange person or a group of people. The main intention of Gudykunst was to apply it in cases where existing differences among people triggered fears and doubts.Advertising Looking for assessment on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, Gudykunst assumed that an intercultural encounter will always expose at least one person to being a stranger (Griffin, n.d.). As a result, strangers are at the risk of experiencing anxiety and uncertainty, a condition, which makes them to feel insecure and may not know how to behave. Despite the fact that in-group members and strangers may experience a certain degree of uncertainty and anxiety in an interpersonal environment, when this encounter takes place among people from diverse cultures, strangers are always aware of the existing differences in culture. Since strangers are more sensitive, they can predict the effect of cultural identity on the general behavior of people within the society. Effective communication According to Gudykunst, effective communication can be described as the process through which people minimize misunderstandings. Furthermore, effective communication can only be achieved if the person interpreting the information being passed across is ab le to attach a meaning to the message that is similar to what was intended by the person conveying the message (Longo et al., 2009). On the other hand, experts define effective communication in terms of accuracy, mutual understanding and fidelity. It therefore implies that effective communication between two people would not necessarily require them to be in close proximity, share attitudes or even speak fluently, even though these attributes are highly welcome. The most important thing is to accurately predict and explain each other’s behavior in order to tie the actions into the discussion (Kim et al., 2010). Information seeking online and face-to-face Physicians have been considered as the main source of reliable information about cancer in terms of diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the fact that some of the patients get overwhelmed by diagnosis, doctors believe that patients can have an alternative source of cancer information. Additionally, this has been necessita ted by the desire among most breast cancer patients and the general public to know more about this scourge (Fogel et al., 2002). As a result, the use of the internet as a source of cancer information has become common in recent years. Through this technology, patients can search relevant information about diagnosis, treatment, drugs and causes of the disease at the click of the mouse. According to some, the internet provides detailed information that gives them a collaborative role with their doctors when managing the disease. While this approach is taking root in the society, it is important to compare the two ways of sourcing information with regard to their benefits and challenges (Fogel et al., 2002). Face-to-face approach is a traditional and widely acceptable way of sourcing information about cancer. Unlike any other method, it allows one-on-one interaction between physicians and patients or those seeking information. This interaction has a wide range of advantages compared to the online approach. First, patients develop a relationship with their respective doctors (Fogel et al., 2002). This linkage allows free sharing of information for the doctor to have an exact understanding of the situation. It implies that physicians are able to offer assistance depending on individual cases, unlike online sources, which are inclined towards general cases of breast cancer. Concerns from patients are also attended to instantly through sessions of questions and answers. With regard to emotional needs, face-to-face method of seeking breast cancer information allows patients to be prepared for diagnosis and the implication of the outcome. Through counseling and sharing of information, doubts among patients are cleared, giving them a clear conscience about the disease (Gustafson, 2001). This preparedness allows them to deal with fear, anxiety and uncertainty, which immensely overwhelm online patients. This is crucial since emotional stability is essential in the managem ent of breast cancer among women. Due to lack of enough emotional support from online sources, those who visit online sites may end up being stressed and overwhelmed with anxiety (Balka, 2010). The flip side of face-to-face method is that it is costly. Patients have to meet consultation fees for doctors. Accessibility to health centers may also be a challenge, forcing patients to travel long distances. Lastly, it eliminates privacy of the patient, as consultation involves physical interaction (Gustafson, 2001). Proponents of online seeking of information argue that it is cheap and convenient for most people. With the wide spread use of the internet, patients can access this information anytime on their PCs, laptops or web-enabled mobile phones. Similarly, information can be accessed anytime, day or night, unlike physicians who have specific consultation days and hours. It is also cheap (Gustafson, 2001). The only charge attached to find relevant information is the internet connectiv ity fee, which is much cheaper compared to consultation fee for physicians. Since everything is online, it promotes privacy of patients. It also offers varied sources, including private doctors, clinics and National Cancer Institute. As a result, patients are able to compare information and make informed decisions. Even though the use of the internet is becoming a common method of seeking breast cancer information, it has a host of disadvantages. First, online information lacks monitoring. This means that patients are likely to feed on unreliable information with anonymous authors, which can be detrimental if it is misleading (Gustafson, 2001). Additionally, the presence of various sources may cause confusion among patients, since some of the information could be contradictory. Due to generalization of online information, patients do not have access to customized services (Balka, 2010). In relation to the emotional and uncertainty management theory, the use of internet as a source o f information for cancer exposes patients to an array of disadvantages. Online communication eliminates physical interaction with the doctor. As a result, customized cancer information cannot easily be sourced (Fogel et al., 2002). Additionally, patients lack mental preparedness since this technology delinks patients from doctors. The main challenge posed by this is the fact that patients may get overwhelmed with stress and anxiety caused by insufficient information (Balka, 2010). This comparison exposes the weaknesses and strengths of each method employed by patients in seeking information. In applying the emotional theory face-to-face approach is more favorable compared to online sourcing of cancer information (Smith-Mclallen et al., 2011). Theory critique The two theories above, emotional support theory and uncertainty management theory are quite essential in addressing the issue of breast cancer in the world today. No one can deny that emotional stability, which emanates from em otional support, is paramount in managing cancer and other related illnesses (Rutten et al., 2005). When one is diagnosed with breast cancer, family members, caregivers, doctors and the entire society is usually called upon to offer relevant assistance. Many patients who receive emotional support from these groups of people demonstrate high capability of managing the disease as compared to those abandoned by family members and close friends. Though emotional support, it is important in minimizing stress, fear and other forms of emotional imbalance. It is equally significant to underscore the role of information in handling breast cancer patients immediately after diagnosis (Hovden, 2004). Information allows the patient to draw a line between fact and fiction, by engaging qualified doctors and caregivers. In this case, the power of valid information would go a long way in benefiting a patient even when there is nobody to offer emotional support. Similarly, effective communication ens ures that the patient makes informed decisions, supported by medical authority as long as the message was communicated effectively. In such a case, errors emanating from wrong information from society members would be minimized (Hovden, 2004). Though emotional support is healthy, it may lose meaning especially in cases where it is overdone. Patients who find themselves in these situations may have very stable emotional health but low recovery and response to medication. The implication of this is that the emotional support theory model denies patients to make informed decisions based on proper medical information. As a result, they become dependent on people around them without exploring independent and informed decisions (Smith-Mclallen et al., 2011). Extension of theories Although every disease has its risks and impact on patients and the general public, cancer presents unique scenarios based on medication challenges and the ability of patients to respond to medication. As a resul t, when one is diagnosed to be suffering from breast cancer, the information can ruin the rest of an individual’s life (Carstensen, 1992) Nevertheless, this is based on the how the information is communicated and the emotional support given by society, including family members, caregivers and specialized doctors. Based on the new page of life that a cancer patient is likely to open, most of them encounter the need for specialized information in order to handle the situation. In general, most patients look for information concerning the disease and treatment (Fogel et al., 2002). Another important fact to note in addressing the issue of seeking cancer-related information is that medical professionals are given the highest priority as trusted sources of information about breast cancer. However, other sources of information may be considered from family members, friends and cancer patients. The disadvantage of sourcing information from other people is that the validity of what t hey consider to be facts about breast cancer might not be verified (Griffin, n.d.). Conclusion From the above assessment, it is evident that correct information is a very important tool when handling breast cancer. However, the method employed in disseminating or sourcing this information is equally important (Rutten et al., 2005). Face-to-face method and the use of the internet are common even though internet usage is gaining popularity due to advancement in technology. Importantly, face-to-face method promotes emotional stability due to physical and customized interaction between patients and physicians. References Balka, E. (2010). Situating Internet Use: Information-Seeking Among Young Women with Breast Cancer. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 15 (3), 389–411. Ecoggins. (2011). Anxiety Uncertainty Management Theory and the Problem of Cross-cultural Communications in Global Organizations. HubPages. Web. Fogel et al. (2002).Use of the Internet by Women with Breas t Cancer. J Med Internet, 4 (2), 9. Griffin, E. (n.d.). Anxiety/Uncertainty Management Theory of William Gudykunst. McGraw-Hill. Web. Gustafson, D. (2001). Effect of Computer Support on Younger Women with Breast Cancer. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16 (7), 435–445. Hovden, J. (2004). Risk and Uncertainty Management Strategies. Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Web. Kim et al. (2010). The Roles of Social Support and Coping Strategies in Predicting Breast Cancer Patients’ Emotional Well-being Testing Mediation and Moderation Models. J Health Psychology, 15 (4), 543–552. Leydon et al. (2000). Cancer patients’ information needs and information seeking behavior: in depth interview study. British Medical Journal, 320, 1-3. Longo et al. (2009). Understanding breast-cancer patients’ perceptions: Health information-seeking behavior and passive information receipt. Journal of Communication in Healthcare, 2 (2), 184-206. Carstensen, L. (1992). Social and Emotional Patterns in Adulthood: Support for Socioemotional Selectivity Theory. Psychology and Ageing, 7 (3), 331-338. Rutten et al. (2005). Information needs and sources of information among cancer patients: a systematic review of research (1980–2003). Patient Education and Counseling, 57, 250–261. Smith-Mclallen et al. (2011). Psychosocial Determinants of Cancer-Related Information Seeking among Cancer Patients. J Health Psychology, 16 (2), 212–225. This assessment on Health Information Seeking and Breast Cancer Diagnosis was written and submitted by user Mar1a to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Technology in the Industrial Revolution essays

Technology in the Industrial Revolution essays A new way of life was taking shape for the American people during the new industrial revolution. Transformations of all ways of life were in motion at a rapid pace. With the completion of the transcontinental railroad came dramatic changes to the cattle and mining industries. Cities were being redesigned and immigrant workers along with middle class workers struggled to compete against advanced technology. Family structures and the role of women were re-shaped as technological inventions exploded. As we explore this period of time in our country we see that technology advancements re defined almost every area of American life. Without the transcontinental railroads completion in 1869 much of the changes America experienced would not have happened. The railroad linked the east to the west, it gave companies in the east a chance to move their products westward in less time, at a much cheaper cost, and changed how the businesses operated. One example of this is with the invention of the refrigerated rail car by Jonas Wilder. It allowed the Chicago stockyards to ship dressed beef all over the country and changed their method of doing business which was previously to send the beef dried. George Pullman also encouraged the migration westward by providing comfort for travelers with his invention of the railroad sleeping car. It provided spacious accommodations, luxurious travel complete with exceptional food and first class service, and encouraged the middle class to travel in style. Another inventor who benefited from the railroad system was Cyrus McCormick. He designed a horse drawn mechanical reaper that c ut the grain to one side of the unit. His factory was located in Chicago where access to raw materials through the water ways was plentiful. The railroad allowed his company to be located in the place most beneficial to the production of the reaper while also distributing his invention to distant places. The railroad also gave ...

History before 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History before 1877 - Essay Example However, the heavy taxation established American Revolution and resistance. Many British subjects opposed the heavy taxation laws on American colonies due to the inherent burden experienced by the latter. The consequent effects of heavy taxation initiated the existing debate, caused resistance and revolution of American colonies. The main fundamental rationale why American colonies objected acts established by the British government relates to their expensiveness and unfair policies. Taxes on sugar products and policies including Molasses Act were too expensive and unbearable to British subjects. Moreover, the court trial systems o the British government had become corrupt and could charge Americans wrongly for smuggling sugar. Massacre refers to brutal and indiscriminate slaughter of individuals or violet and deliberate killing of a large number of people. Though Boston massacre did not involve a large number of persons but five individuals, it stills stands as a massacre mainly because of its indiscriminate and brutal manner. It was a cold-blooded massacre accomplished without prior judgment. The soldiers acted in self-defense killing three Americans instantly and wounding others. Self-defense of the soldiers after being insulted and abused by rioting Americans proved their innocence in the existing courts. The modern court systems seek for prevalence of justice for all citizens in authority and civilians. The legal systems underscore inhumane acts and consequently punish it. Similarly, the ancient court as shown during Boston massacre case sought for prevalence of justice (Preston 1). The court’s case left a legacy of justice for the civil servants including soldiers. However, it increased the debate of citizens’ legal defense and human rights activism against brutal killing of demonstrating

Primary Source Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Primary Source Analysis - Essay Example The report was written to prove that the riots were real and that they targeted the Negro community. The motivation for writing this document was the pain that was associated with the experiences and the treatment that black people went through. The unspoken assumption in this document is that, the audience can deduce that the author is addressing the terror the Negro community underwent during the riots. There lacks any detectable bias in this document. It is left out how the riots came to end. The document has a great deal of historical significance that reminds us of the trouble that the black people have gone through to become acceptable members of the American community. It gives the real picture of the anti-negro riots period where prejudice took place, and lots of innocent black people lost their lives. It also tells of the brutality the Negro community was put through all in the name of an inferior race. It depicts how far the black community in America has come to enjoy the equal right just like other American. In a kind of collusion, we can say that, that was the darkest hour for the black race. The document brings out the fossil idea in America that the white people are more equal than the blacks. The report brings out the old idea of revolution where the black community has stepped up to make a difference in the angle from which the white folks use to view them at. It will be so prudent to mark the significance of this document in bringing out the past inhumane actions that have been carried against black population American society. The document steps up as an evidence of the historical idea that all people should be considered equal despite the differences in skin race and color. The reports also bring out rich history about America’s biggest city and how far it has come to a point where the African American population and the white folks can share neighborhoods. The most